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Johann Konrad Wilhelm Loehe (1808-1872) Papers

 Collection
Identifier: Collection ID-2159
Wilhelm Loehe photo

Scope and Contents

The Loehe Collection contains primary and secondary material. Correspondence constitutes the largest part of this collection. Furthermore, photographs, general biographical information, sermons and printed material can be found. The folders are arranged in alphabetical order by type of material.

Loehe’s correspondence is separated into two parts: printed copies and microfilmed material. The correspondence is arranged in chronological order by date in the European fashion (day/month/year). The originals and copies are filed separately. Letters to and from Loehe are in the same file. Furthermore, there is other correspondence integrated in this file (not written by Loehe or addressed to him), possibly from missionaries; these items were included in the original collection as received by the Institute. These letters are filed in chronological sequence with the other correspondence.

Only a few originals of Loehe’s correspondence are available, and these are in a very fragile condition. Preservation copies of all originals are available and are filed by date (f.5-21). Researchers must work with the photocopies; arrangements may be made to consult the originals when necessary.

A comprehensive database is available at the Institute to clearly identify which of the known pieces of correspondence are available in printed copy, which ones were transcribed from the original German into a typewritten format (see column “Transcription”), which letters are only available on microfilm (see column “Microfilm”), which ones are not yet transcribed (see column “Original”). There is also a separate column to identify the letters translated into English (see column “Translations). Any other peculiarities are described in the “Remarks” column of the database.

The microfilmed material is available on CHI microfilm rolls #143, #170 and #536. The individual letters are identified in the database by the microfilm roll number on which the pieces of correspondence can be found. The quality of the microfilm is very poor, and none of the letters have been transcribed or translated.

Three major pieces of correspondence that are listed in the database chronologically have been removed from the correspondence folders and filed separately because of their importance and also for preservation purposes, they are:

  • “Amerikanische Privatmittheilungen”
  • “Instruktionen für unsere Freunde in Amerika”
  • and
  • “Kirchen, und Gemeinde, Ordnung für die Missionskolonie in Nord Amerika”
  • Three manuscripts of very fragile sermons are in this collection, but their authenticity is not established.

    Several commemorative envelopes with first-day postage stamps dated 20 January 1972 are part of this collection. They were issued in Germany to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Loehe’s death. Loehe also used wax seals on his correspondence; two examples, one from 1843/44 and one from 1845, are in f.28.

    In 1968 a “Guide to the Wilhelm Loehe Manuscripts at CHI” was compiled; this list was helpful for the identification of the various pieces of correspondence available. However, one letter listed has not been located--a letter from Loehe to C. F. W. Walther dated 15 January 1852. This original list is still available in f.24, but we advise the user to refer to the newly established comprehensive database, since it includes all letters to and from Loehe.

    A booklet of lecture notes with the name C. Strasen on the front cover is identified as Loehe’s lectures. The subject is the ministry. Carl [Karl] August Johannes Strasen studied at Neuendettelsau in 1846 before coming to the United States to complete his studies for the ministry.

    Folder List

    • f.1 Amerikanische Privatmitteilung
    • f.2 Commemorative Envelopes
    Correspondence
    • f.3 1842-1849 (originals)
    • f.4 1850-1862 (originals)
    • f.5 1842 (copies)
    • f.6 1843 (copies)
    • f.7 1844 (copies)
    • f.8 1845 (copies)
    • f.9 1846 (copies)
    • f.10 1847 (copies)
    • f.11 1848 (copies)
    • f.12 1849 (copies)
    • f.13 1850 (copies)
    • f.14 1851 (copies)
    • f.15 1852 (copies)
    • f.16 1853 (copies)
    • f.17 1854 (copies)
    • f.18 1855 (copies)
    • f.19 1856 (copies)
    • f.20 1859-1865 (copies)
    • f.21 1866-1873 (copies)
    • f.22 Undated (copies)
    • f.23 Fragments
    Other materials
    • f.24 General Information
    • f.25 Instruction for our Friends in America
    • f.26 Kirchen und Gemeinde Ordnung
    • f.27 Letter Seal
    • f.28 Photographs
    • f.29 Printed Material
    • f.30 Sermons
    • f.31 Correspondence of Wilhelm Loehe in American Repositories — 1967 (Robert C. Wiederaenders)
    • f.32 Lecture Notes
    • f.33 Translation of a Loehe Letter

    Dates

    • Creation: 1768 - 1992

    Creator

    Biographical / Historical

    J. K. Wilhelm Loehe was born on 12 February 1808 in Fürth, near Nürnberg, Germany. He was educated in Nürnberg, Erlangen and Berlin and became a pastor of the Bavarian State Church in 1837 in the town of Neuendettelsau / Bavaria.

    Loehe responded to an appeal of Pastor F. C. D. Wyneken for help in providing Lutheran pastors to serve German immigrants in America. Loehe published a plea for assistance in 1841 and together with J. F. Wucherer published a paper called Kirchliche Mittheilungen aus und über Nordamerika beginning in 1843. Loehe financed the voyage and training of approximately 182 candidates (called Loehe Sendlinge) whom he sent from Germany to the United States. A preparatory seminary for the training of emergency pastors was established by Wilhelm Sihler in 1846 in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Loehe and his friends largely came up with the financial support of this school, called a Nothelferseminar.

    The newly founded Missouri Synod in 1847 asked Loehe to turn over the preparatory seminary to the synod. Loehe at this time already did not fully agree with provisions of the LCMS constitution relating to the doctrine of the ministry; these differences increased over the years to include the doctrine of church and also the ownership of a teachers college in Saginaw, Michigan. (See correspondence between Grossmann and Loehe.) The break between Loehe and LCMS became unavoidable by 1853. After the split between Loehe and C. F. W. Walther, the Loehe men in America founded the Iowa Synod.

    The liturgical life of Lutheranism in America was greatly influenced by Loehe’s Agende für christliche Gemeinden des lutherischen Bekenntnisses; it was gradually supplanted by the Kirchen Agende written by C. F. W. Walther and issued by the Missouri Synod in 1856.

    In 1849 Loehe established the Neuendettelsau Mission Society and in 1854 a deaconess society. He also founded the Freimund Publishing House and a seminary to train pastors for North America, Australia, New Guinea and Brazil. Loehe missionaries in America include Brauer, Burger, Cloeter, Craemer, Ernst, Fick, Graebner, Lochner, Schaller, Sievers, to name a few.

    Johann Konrad Wilhelm Loehe died on 2 January 1872.

    Extent

    1 Linear Feet (Two 5" letter boxes; One book;)

    3 Reels (Three microfilm reels) : positive ; 35 mm

    Language of Materials

    German

    Physical Location

    A.01.11.4; Archives 3 Flat File Drawer 3

    Microfilm

    Microfilm 143, 170, 536

    Custodial History

    Original collection ID: M-0013

    Immediate Source of Acquisition

    Donated by the Concordia Seminary Library, July 1953; Dr. H.A. Mayer, June 1957; Concordia Historical Institute, February 1957, October 1968. Microfilm received from Minnesota Historical Society, December 6, 1957; June 30, 1958; new negative copy February 16, 1972.

    Bibliography

    More information about the life and work of Loehe can be found in the following books:
    • Loehes Leben by J. Deinzer (Neuendettelsau, 1835)
    • Wilhelm Loehe by T. Schaefer (Gütersloh, 1909)
    • Wilhelm Loehe: Gesammelte Werke, edited by K. Ganzert (Neuendettelsau 1851)
    Title
    Johann Konrad Wilhelm Loehe (1808-1872) Papers
    Status
    Completed
    Author
    Brigitte H. Conkling
    Date
    August 1998
    Description rules
    Describing Archives: A Content Standard
    Language of description
    English
    Script of description
    Latin
    Edition statement
    Addendum by Marvin A. Huggins, April 2014. Revised by Mark J. Bliese, June 9, 2023

    Repository Details

    Part of the Concordia Historical Institute Repository

    Contact:
    804 Seminary Place
    Saint Louis MO 63105 USA
    314-505-7935